Product Name: Chemical Explosion-Proof Cold Room Standards

Chemical explosion-proof cold rooms are critical facilities for storing flammable and explosive chemicals, pharmaceutical waste, and other hazardous materials. Their construction and operation must strictly comply with national safety standards. According to the Cold Storage Safety Regulations (GB/T 28009-2025), effective March 1, 2026, and the GB3836 series of explosion-proof electrical standards, the construction standards for chemical explosion-proof cold rooms are mainly reflected in the following core dimensions:

I. Strict Explosion-Proof Classification and Zoning Standards

The design of an explosion-proof cold room begins with the precise definition of hazardous areas. Based on the explosion limits of stored materials and the grade of release sources, the storage area is typically classified as a Zone 1 or Zone 2 hazardous location. All equipment inside the cold room must meet the corresponding explosion-proof rating, usually requiring IICT4 or a higher IICT6 standard. All explosion-proof electrical equipment (such as units, lighting fixtures, and sensors) must be approved by nationally designated inspection bodies, carry an independent explosion-proof certificate number, and clearly display the "EX" explosion-proof mark on the enclosure.

II. Flame-Retardant Insulation and Pressure-Relief Explosion-Proof Structure

The insulation system of the cold room enclosure must use materials with excellent flame-retardant properties, typically requiring high-density polyurethane double-sided color steel insulation panels with B1 or B2 flame-retardant ratings, ensuring that the enclosure itself does not contribute to combustion in the event of an accident. Additionally, the cold room must be designed with pressure-relief and explosion-venting devices, with the venting area precisely calculated based on the room volume and the discharge rate of fire-extinguishing gas, ensuring automatic pressure relief when internal pressure rises abnormally. Furthermore, the floor inside the cold room must be made of anti-static, non-sparking materials to prevent accidents caused by friction or static accumulation.

III. Intrinsically Safe Electrical and Refrigeration Systems

The electrical system must adopt fully optically isolated, microwatt-level intrinsically safe control circuits. Wiring must be routed through galvanized steel conduits or explosion-proof flexible conduits, with explosion-proof junction boxes at all connections. For the refrigeration system, core equipment such as compressors and evaporator fans must be explosion-proof treated. For the storage of high-hazard chemicals, a "one duty, one standby" unit configuration should be adopted, with automatic switchover in the event of primary equipment failure to prevent abnormal temperature fluctuations. Additionally, electric heating defrosting is strictly prohibited; safe processes such as hot-gas defrosting should be used instead.

IV. Intelligent Monitoring and Multiple Safety Interlocks

Modern explosion-proof cold rooms must be equipped with a multifunctional, microelectronic integrated explosion-proof monitoring system for automatic monitoring and recording of temperature, humidity, and pressure. The system must incorporate multiple safety protection and interlock functions: for example, upon detecting abnormal temperature or flammable gas leakage, the system can automatically close the door and cut off power within 6 seconds; automatically activate fire-extinguishing devices such as carbon dioxide within 30 seconds; simultaneously trigger audible and visual alarms and forcibly start the emergency ventilation system, ensuring the required air changes per hour to dilute flammable gas concentrations.

V. Full Lifecycle Compliance and Personnel Access Control

The standards not only regulate hardware construction but also strengthen management during operation and demolition phases. Refrigeration and air-conditioning operations are classified as special operations, and operation and maintenance personnel must hold relevant certifications. When a cold room is decommissioned and demolished, legal procedures must be followed: refrigerants must be recovered and pressure-relief treatment carried out first, ensuring that the gauge pressure in the system is zero before proceeding with subsequent demolition, thereby preventing illegal direct discharge and environmental pollution.

In summary, the standards for chemical explosion-proof cold rooms constitute a comprehensive safety system covering site selection, construction, electrical, refrigeration, and operation and maintenance. Only by strictly adhering to these specifications can accidents be effectively prevented, ensuring the safe and stable production and storage of chemicals.

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