Product Name: Design Specifications for Explosion-Proof Cold Storage in Chemical Industry

The construction of chemical explosion-proof cold storage is a systematic project involving building structure, refrigeration technology, electrical and automation control. Unlike ordinary food cold storage, it directly serves hazardous environments containing flammable and explosive gases or volatile chemicals. Therefore, its design specifications must strictly comply with national standards such as the Code for Design of Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas (GB 50058) and the Code for Design of Cold Storage (GB 50072). The core objective is to eliminate potential ignition sources and prevent the accumulation of combustible gases.

In terms of site selection and building structural design, the explosion-proof cold storage should be located away from densely populated areas, and the installation position of the storage body should be slightly lower than the surrounding ground level, so as to effectively control the hazardous range in the event of accidental leakage. The storage panels must be made of flame-retardant polyurethane sandwich panels with a fire resistance rating of at least Class B1, and the joints must be tightly sealed to eliminate cold bridge effects and gas infiltration. More critically, the design must reserve pressure relief areas that comply with regulations (typically no less than 0.05–0.10 times the cold storage volume), with the pressure relief direction avoiding densely populated areas and critical facilities, while also being equipped with explosion-proof doors featuring emergency escape functionality.

The electrical system is the top priority in explosion-proof design. All electrical equipment inside the storage, including lighting fixtures, switches, junction boxes, control panels, and sensors, must be explosion-proof products that match the hazard classification of the stored media (e.g., IICT4), and must hold nationally recognized explosion-proof certificates. Wiring is strictly prohibited from being exposed; it must be sealed using explosion-proof conduit or armored cables, with explosion-proof junction boxes at connection points to eliminate any possibility of electrical sparks.

The design of the refrigeration system must balance efficiency with absolute safety. Core equipment such as compressors and evaporator fan units must all undergo explosion-proof treatment. For defrosting, electric heating defrosting, which poses high-temperature hazards, is strictly prohibited. Instead, hot-gas defrosting systems should be adopted, utilizing hot gas circulation within the pipes for defrosting to avoid accidents caused by severe temperature fluctuations or localized overheating. For the storage of high-hazard chemicals, a dual refrigeration system (one duty and one standby) is recommended to ensure automatic switchover to the standby unit in the event of a primary system failure. Additionally, an explosion-proof ventilation system must be installed, ensuring an air exchange rate of no less than 10 times per hour to prevent combustible gases from reaching dangerous concentrations.

Intelligent monitoring and alarm systems must be installed. The system needs to monitor the temperature, humidity, and combustible gas concentration inside the storage in real time. Once any data anomaly is detected, the power supply should be immediately cut off and an audible and visual alarm triggered. Only by integrating building structure, electrical explosion-proofing, refrigeration technology, and intelligent monitoring into a cohesive whole can a truly compliant chemical explosion-proof cold storage be achieved.

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